Modeling Context Information in Mobile Usage Scenarios. An Approach for Integration of security-relevant User Activity.

Um einen zuverlässigen kontext-sensitiven Sicherheitsdienst bereitzustellen, ist die Vollständigkeit des zur Bewertung genutzten Sicherheitskontextes von wesentlicher Bedeutung. Der Anwendungskontext leistet dazu einen fundamentalen Beitrag. Aufgrund der fehlenden Interpretationslogik ist allerdings der Anwendungskontext von aussen nicht ermittelbar. Die Integration einer den Sicherheitsdienst unterstützenden Komponente in die Anwendung schafft hierzu auf zweierlei Weise Abhilfe. Sie stellt Anwendungskontextinformationen zur Verfügung und gewährleistet effektiv eine kontext-sensitive Sicherheitsadaption.The completeness of the security context is crucial to provide a reliable context-aware security service. The application context makes a fundamental contribution. Due to the lack of interpretation logic the application context can not be determined from outside. The integration of a security component into the application helps here in two ways. It provides application context information and ensures effective context-aware security adaptation

Shape measurement of a holographic reconstructed image

Diese Arbeit zeigt ein Verfahren zur automatisierten Auswertung von holographischen Interferogrammen für die Formvermessung auf. Es erlaubt die topographische Form eines Objektes qualitativ anhand dessen holographischen Bildes automatisiert zu erfassen. Eine automatisierte Auswertung ermöglicht den wirtschaftlichen Einsatz der holographischen Interferometrie in der Formvermessung.This work shows a procedure for the automated evaluation of holographic interference fringes for a shape measurement. It allows qualitatively the automated measurement of the topographic form of an object, based on its holographic image. An automated evaluation makes the business application of holographic interferometry in shape measurement possible

Effect of lung recruitment and titrated Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) vs low PEEP on mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome - A randomized clinical trial

IMPORTANCE: The effects of recruitment maneuvers and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) titration on clinical outcomes in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To determine if lung recruitment associated with PEEP titration according to the best respiratory-system compliance decreases 28-day mortality of patients with moderate to severe ARDS compared with a conventional low-PEEP strategy. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Multicenter, randomized trial conducted at 120 intensive care units (ICUs) from 9 countries from November 17, 2011, through April 25, 2017, enrolling adults with moderate to severe ARDS. INTERVENTIONS: An experimental strategy with a lung recruitment maneuver and PEEP titration according to the best respiratory-system compliance (n = 501; experimental group) or a control strategy of low PEEP (n = 509). All patients received volume-assist control mode until weaning. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary outcome was all-cause mortality until 28 days. Secondary outcomes were length of ICU and hospital stay; ventilator-free days through day 28; pneumothorax requiring drainage within 7 days; barotrauma within 7 days; and ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month mortality. RESULTS: A total of 1010 patients (37.5% female; mean [SD] age, 50.9 [17.4] years) were enrolled and followed up. At 28 days, 277 of 501 patients (55.3%) in the experimental group and 251 of 509 patients (49.3%) in the control group had died (hazard ratio [HR], 1.20; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.42; P = .041). Compared with the control group, the experimental group strategy increased 6-month mortality (65.3% vs 59.9%; HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.38; P = .04), decreased the number of mean ventilator-free days (5.3 vs 6.4; difference, −1.1; 95% CI, −2.1 to −0.1; P = .03), increased the risk of pneumothorax requiring drainage (3.2% vs 1.2%; difference, 2.0%; 95% CI, 0.0% to 4.0%; P = .03), and the risk of barotrauma (5.6% vs 1.6%; difference, 4.0%; 95% CI, 1.5% to 6.5%; P = .001). There were no significant differences in the length of ICU stay, length of hospital stay, ICU mortality, and in-hospital mortality. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In patients with moderate to severe ARDS, a strategy with lung recruitment and titrated PEEP compared with low PEEP increased 28-day all-cause mortality. These findings do not support the routine use of lung recruitment maneuver and PEEP titration in these patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01374022